Topics

Browse materials by 12 topics.

• International law & UNCLOS296 items

  Materials on the international law of the sea, especially the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and how states interpret and apply it.

• 2016 Arbitral Award101 items

  Materials on the arbitration between the Philippines and China, the Tribunal's award of 12 July 2016, and related analysis and responses.

• Sovereignty & historical records158 items

  Materials on historical sources, documents and arguments relating to sovereignty claims in the South China Sea.

• Security & military249 items

  Materials on the military balance, naval presence and maritime security issues in the region.

• Gray-zone & maritime law enforcement85 items

  Materials on activities below the threshold of armed conflict and the role of coast guards and maritime militia.

• Diplomacy, DOC & COC291 items

  Materials on regional diplomacy, the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and negotiations on a Code of Conduct (COC).

• Major-power relations & geopolitics322 items

  Materials on major-power policies toward the region and their geopolitical effects.

• Maritime economy & energy132 items

  Materials on oil and gas, shipping, the maritime economy and energy security in the region.

• Fisheries & fishers131 items

  Materials on fisheries, fish stocks and the livelihoods and fishing rights of fishers.

• Marine environment & ecology336 items

  Materials on coral reef ecosystems, marine resources and the environmental effects of activities at sea.

• Vietnam's maritime policy & law74 items

  Materials on Vietnam's maritime policy and law, including relevant laws, decrees and plans.

• Maritime disputes worldwide (comparative)38 items

  Comparative materials on other maritime disputes worldwide, used as a point of reference for the South China Sea.